Make or Buy: The Critical Decision for Your Loan Origination System

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Should you build a custom LOS from scratch or buy a proven SaaS platform? This decision will define your competitive position for the next 5 years. Here’s the complete analysis.

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Make or Buy: The Critical Decision for Your Loan Origination System

The Decision Every Lender Must Make

Every NBFC, bank, and fintech lender reaches this crossroads: invest 18-36 months and ₹5-15 Cr building a custom Loan Origination System, or go live in 5-7 days with a battle-tested SaaS platform for ₹20-40 lakhs annually.

This isn’t just a technology decision. It’s a strategic choice that impacts your time to market, capital allocation, competitive positioning, and ability to scale. Get it wrong, and you’ll watch competitors process 100x more loans while you’re still building.

🛠️

Make (Build Custom)

Build a proprietary LOS from scratch using internal or outsourced development team.
Full control over features, architecture, and data.


Timeline: 18–36 months | Investment: ₹5–15 Cr

🛒

Buy (SaaS Platform)

Subscribe to proven SaaS LOS with 300+ pre-built integrations, instant updates,
and guaranteed uptime. Focus on lending, not technology.


Timeline: 5–7 days | Investment: ₹20–40 L annually

Total Cost Analysis: 3-Year Comparison

Make vs Buy: Complete Cost Breakdown

Cost Component
Make (Build)
Buy (SaaS)

Year 1

Development Team (12–15 people)
₹1.8–2.5 Cr
₹0

Integration Development (20–30 APIs)
₹80L–1.5 Cr
₹0 (Included)

Infrastructure Setup
₹40–80L
₹0 (Cloud)

Platform Subscription
₹0
₹20–40L

Transaction Costs (KYC, Bureau, etc.)
₹60–90L
₹60–90L

Year 1 Total
₹3.6–5.5 Cr
₹0.8–1.3 Cr

Year 2–3 (Annual)
Development & Maintenance Team
₹1.2–2 Cr/year
₹0

DevOps & Operations Team
₹60–100L/year
₹0

Infrastructure & Cloud
₹30–60L/year
₹0 (Included)

Platform Subscription
₹0
₹25–50L/year

Transaction Costs
₹60–90L/year
₹60–90L/year

Annual Recurring (Year 2–3)
₹2.5–4.5 Cr/year
₹0.85–1.4 Cr/year

3-Year Total Cost of Ownership
₹8.6–14.5 Cr
₹2.5–4.1 Cr

 

Cost Advantage: Buy Wins by 70%
Buying a SaaS LOS costs ₹2.5–4.1 Cr over 3 years compared to
₹8.6–14.5 Cr for building custom. That’s a saving of
₹6–10 Cr – enough capital to fund 2–3 years of aggressive growth instead of
technology development.

Time to Market: The Competitive Race

Launch Timeline Comparison

Every month delayed is ₹50L–2 Cr in lost revenue

🔨
Make (Build Custom LOS)
24–36 Months

Month 1–6: Requirements, architecture, team hiring
Month 7–18: Core development, integration building
Month 19–24: Testing, bug fixes, UAT
Month 25–30: Soft launch, issue resolution
Month 31–36: Full production rollout

🛒
Buy (SaaS Platform)
5–7 Days

Day 1–2: Product configuration, workflow setup
Day 3–4: API integration, testing
Day 5–6: Team training, soft launch
Day 7: Full production launch

 

The Opportunity Cost of Time

Scenario: Two competing NBFCs decide to enter the personal loan market on 01-Jan-2025.

NBFC A (Build): Starts building custom LOS. Goes live on 01-Jan-2027 (24 months).
Processes 5,000 loans in Year 1 of operations (2027).

NBFC B (Buy): Deploys Roopya on 08-Jan-2025 (7 days). Processes 60,000 loans in 2025,
1,20,000 loans in 2026, 2,00,000 loans in 2027.

By the time NBFC A launches, NBFC B has processed 3,80,000 loans, built a ₹500+ Cr portfolio, optimized
credit models with real data, and captured market share. NBFC A is 3 years behind in market knowledge
and portfolio maturity.

Risk Assessment Matrix

HIGH RISK
⚠️ Make: Execution Risk

70% of custom software projects fail or exceed budget by 50%+

Team attrition delays projects by 3–6 months

Scope creep increases costs by 40–80%

Hidden complexity discovered mid-project

HIGH RISK
🛠️ Make: Technical Debt

Maintenance costs increase 20–30% annually

Legacy code makes changes slow and risky

API changes break integrations regularly

Scaling issues emerge at high volumes

HIGH RISK
🧑‍💻 Make: Talent Dependency

Key developer leaves → 6 month knowledge transfer

Hiring specialized talent takes 3–6 months

Salary costs increase 15–20% annually

Team productivity varies widely

LOW RISK
✔️ Buy: Predictable Execution

Go live in 5–7 days with guaranteed timeline

Battle-tested platform used by 100+ lenders

Predictable monthly costs, no surprises

Vendor handles all technical complexity

LOW RISK
🚀 Buy: Continuous Innovation

Free automatic updates with new features

Platform improves with every customer

Vendor invests ₹10+ Cr annually in R&D

Always on latest technology stack

LOW RISK
🛡️ Buy: Enterprise Support

24/7 support with 15-min response SLA

99.99% uptime guarantee with penalties

Dedicated account manager & success team

Disaster recovery < 15 minutes

Make vs Buy: Detailed Pros and Cons

Pros of Building Custom

  • Full Control: Complete ownership of code, architecture, and roadmap
  • Customization: Build exact features for your specific workflow
  • IP Creation: Proprietary technology can be strategic asset
  • No Vendor Lock-In: Not dependent on external vendor
  • Data Sovereignty: Complete control over where data is stored
  • Competitive Differentiation: Unique technology can be market advantage

Cons of Building Custom

  • Massive Upfront Cost: $5-15 Cr investment before seeing any ROI
  • 18-36 Month Delay: Competitors gain 2-3 year head start
  • Execution Risk: 70% of custom projects fail or exceed budget 50%+
  • Talent Dependency: Success depends on hiring and retaining 15-20 specialized developers
  • Technical Debt: Maintenance costs grow 20-30% annually
  • Integration Hell: Building 30+ API integrations takes 12+ months
  • Compliance Burden: Keeping up with RBI, DPDPA regulations is full-time job
  • Scaling Challenges: Performance issues emerge at scale requiring re-architecture
  • Opportunity Cost: Management focus on technology instead of lending business
  • Obsolescence: Technology stack becomes outdated in 3-5 years requiring rebuild

Option 2: Buy (SaaS LOS Platform)

Pros of Buying SaaS

  • Instant Launch: Go live in 5-7 days vs 24 months
  • 70% Lower TCO: ₹2.5-4 Cr vs ₹8.6-14.5 Cr over 3 years
  • Zero Execution Risk: Battle-tested platform used by 100+ lenders
  • 300+ Pre-Built Integrations: KYC, bureaus, payments ready to use
  • Continuous Innovation: Free updates with new features quarterly
  • Enterprise Support: 24/7 support with guaranteed SLA
  • Proven at Scale: Process 10,000+ loans daily without issues
  • Automatic Compliance: RBI, DPDPA compliance built-in and maintained
  • No Technical Team Needed: Focus 100% on lending business
  • Risk Sharing: Vendor shares technology risk and invests in R&D
  • Fast Adaptation: Launch new products in hours with no-code tools
  • Best Practices: Benefit from learnings across 100+ lenders

Cons of Buying SaaS

  • Ongoing Subscription: Annual subscription cost vs one-time build cost (though TCO is lower)
  • Vendor Dependency: Reliant on vendor’s roadmap and stability
  • Limited Customization: Can’t build highly unique features (though 95% needs are met)
  • Data in Vendor Cloud: Data stored on vendor’s infrastructure (mitigated by SOC 2, ISO 27001)
  • Price Increases: Subscription cost may increase over time (capped at 10-15% annually)

 

Real-World Case Study
Two NBFCs, Two Paths, Dramatically Different Outcomes

NBFC X: Made the “Build” Decision

Jan 2022: Decided to build custom LOS. Budget: ₹8 Cr. Timeline: 18 months.

Jul 2023: Missed deadline. Only 60% complete. Budget overrun by 40% (₹11.2 Cr spent).

Jan 2024: Finally launched after 24 months. Buggy, incomplete features, only 50% automation.

Jul 2024: Scaling issues at 1,000 applications/day. Re-architecture needed (₹2 Cr more).

Total Investment: ₹13.2 Cr |
Time Lost: 30 months |
Loans Processed: 15,000 in Year 1

NBFC Y: Made the “Buy” Decision

Jan 2022: Deployed Roopya LOS in 6 days. Investment: ₹30L annually.

Feb 2022: Processing 500 applications/day. 90% automation. Adding 2–3 new products monthly.

Jul 2023: Scaled to 5,000 applications/day. Launched in 50 cities. Zero downtime.

Jan 2024: Processing 15,000 applications/day. Portfolio: ₹800 Cr. Market leader in segment.

Total Investment: ₹90L |
Time to Scale: 24 months |
Loans Processed: 3,50,000 in 2 years

The Outcome
While NBFC X spent ₹13.2 Cr and 30 months building technology, NBFC Y spent ₹90L and focused 100% on growing their lending business.
By the time NBFC X launched, NBFC Y had:
  • Processed 23× more loans (3,50,000 vs 15,000)
  • Built ₹800 Cr portfolio vs ₹50 Cr
  • Spent 93% less on technology (₹90L vs ₹13.2 Cr)
  • Achieved market leadership while NBFC X was still catching up